Izinto ezibonakalayo eziphambili ze-valve kufanele ziqale zibheke izakhiwo ezibonakalayo (izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi) kanye nezindawo zamakhemikhali (ukulungiswa) kokusebenza okuphakathi. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka futhi ukwazi inhlanzeko yaphakathi (noma ngabe kunezinhlayiya eziqinile). Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithetho efanele kanye nezidingo zeminyango yombuso nezomsebenzisi kuzothunyelwa kuyo.
Izinhlobo eziningi zezinto zokwakha zingahlangabezana nezidingo zensizakalo yama-valve ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, impilo yenkonzo yezomnotho kakhulu kanye nokusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwe-valve kungatholakala ngokukhethwa okulungile nokwenembile kwezinto zokwenziwa ze-valve.
Izinto ezivamile zomzimba we-valve
1. I-Grey Cast Iron Valves isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezimboni ngenxa yentengo yazo ephansi kanye nokwakheka okubanzi kwesicelo. Imvamisa isetshenziswa esimweni samanzi, umusi, uwoyela kanye negesi njengendlela ephakathi, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali, ukuphrinta nokudaya, amandwangu neminye imikhiqizo yezimboni enokungcoliswa okuncane noma okungekho emthethweni ekungcoleni kwensimbi.
Isebenza kuma-valves aphansi aphansi ngokushisa okusebenzayo kwe - 15 ~ 200 ℃ kanye nengcindezi yokuqothuka ye-PN ≤ 1.6MPA.
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Imithombo yezindaba esebenzayo ngamanzi, amanzi olwandle, igesi, i-ammonia, njll.
I-3. I-flake graphite e-Iron empunga engwevu ithathelwa indawo yi-graphite ye-nodular noma i-graphite ye-graphite. Ukushintshwa kwesakhiwo sangaphakathi salesi sinsimbi kwenza ukuthi izakhiwo zalo zemishini zilunge kunensimbi evamile empunga, futhi ayilimazi ezinye izakhiwo. Ngakho-ke, ama-valve enziwe ngensimbi e-ructile anengcindezi ephezulu yenkonzo kunaleyo eyenziwe ngensimbi empunga. Isebenza kuma-valves aphakathi nendawo futhi aphansi ngokushisa okusebenzayo kwe - 30 ~ 350 ℃ kanye nengcindezi yokuqothuka ye-PN ≤ 4.0MPA.
I-Medium esebenzayo ngamanzi, amanzi olwandle, umusi, umoya, igesi, uwoyela, njll.
I-4. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokusebenza okuhle kwensiza yama-valves e-carbon kanye nokumelana kwawo okuqinile kokucindezelwa okubangelwa ukwanda okushisayo, umthelela womthelela kanye nokuguquguquka kwamapayipi, umkhawulo wabo wokusebenzisa amapayipi, okuvame ukwanda, kufaka phakathi izimo zokusebenza kwama-valves we-iron nama-bronze.
Isebenza kuma-valve aphakathi nendawo aphezulu anokushisa okusebenzayo kwe - 29 ~ 425 ℃. Izinga lokushisa le-16mn kanye ne-30mn liphakathi - 40 ~ 400 ℃, elivame ukusetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni se-ASTM A105. Okumaphakathi okusebenzayo kugcwele umusi kanye nomusi osheshe. Imikhiqizo ephakeme futhi ephansi yokushisa kawoyela, igesi e-liquefied, umoya ocindezelwe, amanzi, igesi yemvelo, njll.
I-5 Ama-valve enziwe ngalezi zinto zokwakha alungele abezindaba abalandelayo, njengamanzi olwandle, i-carbon dioxide, acetylene, i-acepylene kanye ne-ethylene.
Isebenza kuma-valve amazinga okushisa aphansi ngokushisa okusebenzayo phakathi - 46 ~ 345 ℃.
6 nomoya. Ukushisa okusebenzayo kwe-carbon steel valve kungaba ngu-500 ℃, nokuthi i-alve yensimbi ephansi ingaba ngaphezulu kwama-600 ℃. Ekushiseni okuphezulu, izakhiwo zemishini zensimbi ephansi ye-alloy ziphakeme kunalezo zensimbi yekhabhoni.
Amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nama-valves aphezulu atholakalayo asebenza ku-annososive medium ashisa okusebenzayo phakathi - 29 ~ 595 ℃; I-C5 ne-C12 isebenza kuma-valve amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nama-high-pressures for corlososive media ngokushisa okusebenzayo phakathi - 29 no-650 ℃.
7 Insimbi engu-18-8 i-auntenitutic yensimbi engenasici isetshenziswa njenge-valve body kanye ne-bonnet impahla ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi kanye nezimo eziqinile zokugqwala. Ukungeza i-molyb Ama-valves enziwe ngale nsimbi angasetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali, njengokudlulisela i-acetic acid, i-nitric acid, i-alkali, i-bleach, ukudla, ujusi wezithelo, imikhiqizo eminingi yamakhemikhali.
Ukuze ufake isicelo ebangeni lokushisa eliphakeme futhi uphinde uguqule ukwakheka okubonakalayo, i-niobium ingezwa ngensimbi engenasici, eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-18-10-NB. Izinga lokushisa lingaba ngu-800 ℃.
Insimbi engenacala engagqwali imvamisa isetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu futhi ngeke ibe ngama-brittle, ngakho-ke ama-valve enziwe ngale ndaba (njenge-18-8 no-18-3mo) alungele ukusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Isibonelo, ihambisa igesi ewuketshezi, njengegesi yemvelo, i-biogas, umoya-mpilo kanye ne-nitrogen.
Kusebenza kuma-valves nge-Complososive Medium yokushisa okusebenzayo phakathi - 196 ~ 600 ℃. Insimbi ye-Austenitic Engagqwali futhi iyindlela ephansi ye-valve yokushisa ephansi.
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8. Amapulasitiki nama-ceramics zombili izinto ezingezona zensimbi. Isici esikhulu kunazo zonke sezinto ezibonakalayo ezingezona zensimbi ukumelana kwazo okuqinile, futhi zibe nezinzuzo lapho ama-valves ezinto ezibonakalayo angeke abe khona. Ngokuvamile kusebenza kwabezindaba ezilimazayo ngengcindezelo ye-Ominal Pressure PN ≤ 1.6MPA kanye nokushisa okusebenzayo okungeqi ku-60 ℃, kanye ne-non-single inyunyana i-valve iyasebenza embonini yokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi. Izinto ezibonakalayo eziphambili ze-valve kufanele ziqale zibheke izakhiwo ezibonakalayo (izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi) kanye nezindawo zamakhemikhali (ukulungiswa) kokusebenza okuphakathi. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka futhi ukwazi inhlanzeko yaphakathi (noma ngabe kunezinhlayiya eziqinile). Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithetho efanele kanye nezidingo zeminyango yombuso nezomsebenzisi kuzothunyelwa kuyo.
Izinhlobo eziningi zezinto zokwakha zingahlangabezana nezidingo zensizakalo yama-valve ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, impilo yenkonzo yezomnotho kakhulu kanye nokusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwe-valve kungatholakala ngokukhethwa okulungile nokwenembile kwezinto zokwenziwa ze-valve.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-28-2023