Izinto zezingxenye eziyinhloko ze-valve kufanele ziqale zicabangele izakhiwo ezibonakalayo (izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi) kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali (ukubola) kwendawo yokusebenza.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka futhi ukwazi ukuhlanzeka kwendawo (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona izinhlayiya eziqinile).Ukwengeza, imithethonqubo efanele kanye nezidingo zombuso kanye neminyango yabasebenzisi kuzophinde kubhekiswe kukho.
Izinhlobo eziningi zezinto zingahlangabezana nezidingo zesevisi yama-valve ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza.Kodwa-ke, impilo yesevisi eyonga kakhulu kanye nokusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwe-valve kungatholakala ngokukhethwa okulungile nokunengqondo kwezinto ze-valve.
Izinto ezivamile zomzimba we-valve
1. Ama-valve ensimbi e-grey asetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezimboni ngenxa yentengo yawo ephansi kanye nobubanzi bokusetshenziswa kwawo.Zivame ukusetshenziswa esimweni samanzi, umusi, uwoyela kanye negesi njengento ephakathi, futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali, ukuphrinta nokudaya, uwoyela, izindwangu kanye neminye imikhiqizo yezimboni eminingi engenawo umthelela omncane noma ongenawo nhlobo ekungcoleni kwensimbi.
Isebenza kuma-valve anengcindezi ephansi enezinga lokushisa elisebenzayo - 15 ~ 200 ℃ kanye nokucindezela okujwayelekile kwe-PN ≤ 1.6MPa.
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2. Insimbi ethambile ewumgogodla omnyama iyasebenza kumavalvu okucindezela aphakathi nendawo naphansi anezinga lokushisa elisebenzayo eliphakathi kuka - 15~300 ℃ nokucindezela okuzisholo okungu-PN ≤ 2.5MPa.
Imidiya esebenzayo amanzi, amanzi olwandle, igesi, i-ammonia, njll.
3. I-Nodular cast iron I-Nodular cast iron iwuhlobo lwe-cast iron, okuwuhlobo lwe-cast iron.I-flake graphite yensimbi empunga ithathelwa indawo yi-nodular graphite noma i-globular graphite.Ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo sangaphakathi sale nsimbi kwenza izakhiwo zayo zemishini zibe ngcono kunensimbi evamile empunga, futhi akulimazi ezinye izakhiwo.Ngakho-ke, ama-valve enziwe nge-ductile iron anengcindezi ephakeme yesevisi kunalawo enziwe ngensimbi empunga.Isebenza kuma-valve okucindezela aphakathi nendawo naphansi anezinga lokushisa elisebenzayo - 30 ~ 350 ℃ kanye nengcindezi ye-PN ≤ 4.0MPa.
Indawo esetshenziswayo amanzi, amanzi olwandle, umusi, umoya, igesi, uwoyela, njll.
4. I-Carbon steel (i-WCA, i-WCB, i-WCC) iqale yathuthukisa insimbi ewugqinsi ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zokukhiqiza zalezo ezingaphezu kwamandla amavalvu ensimbi ensimbi namavalve ethusi.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwesevisi yamavalvu ensimbi ye-carbon steel kanye nokumelana kwawo okuqinile nokucindezeleka okubangelwa ukwanda okushisayo, umthwalo womthelela kanye nokuguqulwa kwamapayipi, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwawo buyanwetshwa, ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa nezimo zokusebenza zama-valve ensimbi eyinsimbi nama-valve ethusi.
Isebenza kuma-valve aphakathi nendawo naphezulu anezinga lokushisa elisebenzayo elingu-29 ~ 425 ℃.Izinga lokushisa elingu-16Mn kanye no-30Mn liphakathi kuka-40~400 ℃, elivame ukusetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni se-ASTM A105.Isisetshenziswa esisebenzayo yisitimu esigcwele kanye nesimusi esishisa kakhulu.Imikhiqizo kawoyela eshisa kakhulu naphansi, igesi ewuketshezi, umoya ocindezelweyo, amanzi, igesi yemvelo, njll.
5. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-carbon steel (LCB) Izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-carbon steel kanye nensimbi ephansi ye-nickel alloy ingasetshenziswa ebangeni lokushisa elingaphansi kwe-zero, kodwa ayikwazi ukunwetshwa endaweni ye-cryogenic.Ama-valve enziwe ngalezi zinto afaneleka emithonjeni elandelayo, njengamanzi olwandle, i-carbon dioxide, i-acetylene, i-propylene ne-ethylene.
Isebenza kuma-valve angamazinga okushisa aphansi anezinga lokushisa lokusebenza eliphakathi kuka-46~345 ℃.
6. Amavalvu enziwe ngensimbi ephansi ye-alloy (WC6, WC9) kanye nensimbi ye-alloy ephansi (njengensimbi ye-carbon molybdenum ne-chromium molybdenum steel) angasetshenziselwa izinto eziningi zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa umusi ogcwele futhi oshisa kakhulu, uwoyela obandayo noshisayo, igesi yemvelo. nomoya.Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-carbon steel valve lingaba ngu-500 ℃, futhi levalve yensimbi ye-alloy ephansi ingaba ngaphezu kuka-600 ℃.Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, izakhiwo zemishini yensimbi ephansi ye-alloy ziphakeme kune-carbon steel.
Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu namavalvu anomfutho ophezulu asebenza endaweni engagqwali enezinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-29~595 ℃;I-C5 ne-C12 zisebenza kumazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye namavalvu anomfutho ophezulu wemidiya egqwalayo enamazinga okushisa okusebenza aphakathi kuka- – 29 no-650 ℃.
7. Izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-Austenitic Izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-Austenitic ziqukethe cishe u-18% we-chromium kanye ne-nickel engu-8%.18-8 insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic ivame ukusetshenziswa njengomzimba we-valve nezinto zebhonethi ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu neliphansi kanye nezimo eziqinile zokugqwala.Ukwengeza i-molybdenum ku-matrix yensimbi engagqwali engu-18-8 kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-nickel okwenyuka kancane kuzokhuphula kakhulu ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo.Ama-valve enziwe ngale nsimbi angasetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali, njengokudlulisa i-acetic acid, i-nitric acid, i-alkali, i-bleach, ukudla, ijusi yezithelo, i-carbonic acid, uketshezi lokushuka kanye neminye imikhiqizo eminingi yamakhemikhali.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe ebangeni lokushisa eliphezulu futhi kuqhubeke kuguqule ukwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo, i-niobium yengezwa ensimbi engagqwali, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-18-10-Nb.Izinga lokushisa lingaba ngu-800 ℃.
Insimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic ivame ukusetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu futhi ngeke ibe brittle, ngakho-ke ama-valve enziwe ngale nto (njenge-18-8 kanye ne-18-10-3Mo) afaneleka kakhulu ukusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi.Isibonelo, ithutha igesi ewuketshezi, njengegesi yemvelo, i-biogas, umoya-mpilo ne-nitrogen.
Isebenza kuma-valve ane-corrod medium enezinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-196~600 ℃.Insimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic nayo iyinto efanelekile ye-valve yokushisa ephansi.
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8. Ipulasitiki kanye ne-ceramics kokubili izinto ezingezona ezensimbi.Isici esikhulu kunazo zonke sama-valve wezinto ezingezona ezensimbi ukumelana nokugqwala kwawo okuqinile, futhi abe nezinzuzo ezingenakuba nazo ama-valve ensimbi.Ivamise ukusebenza kumithombo yezindaba egqwalayo enomfutho wegazi ongu-PN ≤ 1.6MPa kanye nezinga lokushisa elingeqile ku-60 ℃, kanye ne-SINGLE UNION BALL VALVE engenabuthi nayo iyasebenza embonini yokuphakelwa kwamanzi.Izinto zezingxenye eziyinhloko ze-valve kufanele ziqale zicabangele izakhiwo ezibonakalayo (izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi) kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali (ukubola) kwendawo yokusebenza.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka futhi ukwazi ukuhlanzeka kwendawo (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona izinhlayiya eziqinile).Ukwengeza, imithethonqubo efanele kanye nezidingo zombuso kanye neminyango yabasebenzisi kuzophinde kubhekiswe kukho.
Izinhlobo eziningi zezinto zingahlangabezana nezidingo zesevisi yama-valve ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza.Kodwa-ke, impilo yesevisi eyonga kakhulu kanye nokusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwe-valve kungatholakala ngokukhethwa okulungile nokunengqondo kwezinto ze-valve.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-28-2023